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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences

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Published by Universitas Brawijaya

ISSN : 20875517 EISSN : 25274376 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.

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Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 2 (2018)" : 15 Documents clear

Biodiversity of Medicinal Plants at Sambas Botanical Garden, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Sudarmono, Sudarmono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.02.04

Botanical garden is one of ex-situ conservation which has function as germ plasm conservation, education/research, and recreation. To conserve plants biodiversity, many local governments in Indonesia propose to cooperate with LIPI to build botanical gardens. Sambas botanical garden with an area Â± 300 ha in West Kalimantan is one of a botanical garden which is under construction. As new exploration site, many biodiversity in this area has not been entirely explored yet including its medicinal plants. Methods used in this study including field survey and interview techniques. The objective of this study is to explore a biodiversity of medicinal plants in that area. This study identified 30 medicinal plants, representing 20 families and 25 genera. It indicated that Sambas botanical garden has many highly potential values of medicinal plants. Therefore, a proper management including medicinal plant for this area is strongly required.Â

The Effect of Human Pellucide Zone 3 Monoclonal Antibody on Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in Follicle Granulosa Cells of Mice Ovary Natalina, Riny; Nurseta, Tatit; Winarsih, Sri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Pellucide zone 3 (ZP3) involves in fertilization mechanism. Moreover, antibody of ZP3 can develop to inhibit egg and sperm interaction. This study aims to determine the effect of hZP3 (mab-hZP3) monoclonal antibody on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in follicle granulosa cells of the mice ovary. Female mice BALB/c were divided into 12 groups which consisted of control and experimental treatment group. Each group was added with 30% of total mice as error sample (1 mice). Each groups were treated differently: 50 Âµl adjuvant Al(OH)3 in 50 Âµl Tris HCl, 20 Âµg Mab-hZP3, 40 Âµg Mab- hZP3, and 60 Âµg Mab-hZP3. Each group was dissected at day 10, 15 and 20. Measurement of Bcl-2 and Bax was performed with immunohistochemistry. Data was analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA. There was no significant effect of Mab-hZP3 administration in various doses on Bcl-2 (p=0.0825), and Bax (p=0.836). There was no significant effect of administration of Mab-hZP3 in time (p=0.807), neither on Bcl-2 expression (p=0.088) and Bax (p=0.227). The lowest Bcl-2 level was found in dose of 60 Âµg in day 15. There was no significant effect of Mab-hZP3 in various doses and time (p=0.691), neither to Bcl-2 and Bax. Such results obtained due to the specificity of a monoclonal antibody that recognizes specific antigen. Mab-hZP3 is proposed as immunocontraception for women causing no disturbance of folliculogenesis.

Home Garden of Local Community in Pancasila Village for Biodiversity Conservation and Ecotourism Sites Development in Tambora Geopark, Sumbawa Island Hakim, Luchman; Kee, Hong Sun
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Home gardens of the villages near the conservation area plays an important role, both in ecologicl and socio-economical aspects. The aim of the research is to identify the plant species diversity in home garden in Pancasila Village, Tambora Geopark in Sumbawa Islands. Floristic survey was conducted at 25 home gardens on local community. An in-depth interviews with informant was generated to generate informationÂ related to species value and home garden management. Data was analyzed disruptively. Result of the study shows that 87 plant species (46 families) was grows in home gardens. These plants consist of 49.56 % of Phanerophytes, 8.90% of Chamaephytes, 25.28% of Â Hemicryptophytes and 6.70%of Cryptophytes. According to phytogeograpical origins, 24.41% of the species exclusively are Asian tropic species. These plant has numerous purposes, including staple food, species and vegetables, fruit trees shading trees and ornamental plants. From all species in home garden, some plant has high frequency, including Nephelium lappaceum (f = 0.52), Bougainvillea spectabilis (f = 0.40), Mangifera indicaÂ (f = 0.36), Musa paradisiaca (f = 0.36) and Coffea sp. (f = 0.32). Most of the species was identified as exotic plant species and therefore attention to such species group is needed to protect the environment and biodiversity of Tambora geopark.

Allelopathy Potential of Alpinia malaccensis (Burm. F.) Roxb. due to Seeds Germination and Growth of Merremia peltata (L.) Merril Aisah, Siti; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini; Setyawati, Titiek
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Allelopathy is a natural strategy for the protection or inhibition toward other vegetation through the release of chemicals into the environment. Alpinia malaccensis is thought to be capable of carrying out allelopathic mechanisms, as this species is found to grow well on land invaded by Merremia peltata. Invasive type control with alleopathic mechanism is an alternative to consider as it does not leave a potential residue as a contaminant of soil as it is chemically controlled. The study attempt to investigate the content of A. malaccensis allelochemicals and analyzed the alelopathy potential of A. malaccensis on seed germination and seedling growth of M. peltata. Research method used completely randomized design with 6 replicates for seed treatment and three replicates for seedling treatment. Seeds which have relatively similar size and weight were obtained from the field. Seeds were germinated in petri dishes that have been coated by filter paper, each petri dish contained 6 seeds of M. peltata. The treatment of the seeds germination was performed by giving 3 ml of rhizomes and leaves extracts of A. malaccensis (control, 30 g/L, 60 g/L, 90 g/L, 120 g/L, and 150 g/L). The treatment of the seedlings was performed by giving 30 ml of rhizomes and leaves extracts of A. malaccensis (control, 50 g/L, 100 g/L, 150 g/L, and 200 g/L). The analysis of chemical compounds of fresh rhizomes and leaves showed that A. malaccensis contains alcohol, amide, fatty acid, phenol, ketones, and terpenoids. Rhizomes and leaves extracts 150 g/L of A. malaccensis showed the highest inhibition in germination, dry weight, plumule and radicle length of M. peltata sprout parameters. Rhizomes and leaves extract 200 g/L of A. malaccensis showed the highest inhibition in tendril length, amount of leaves, length and width of M. peltata leaves parameters. To be more efficient, application in the field should use low concentration of extracts that can inhibit the M. peltata. Results of this study are expected to provide information about alternative solutions to suppress the invasion of M. peltata to preserve ecosystems of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) in Lampung.

Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Screening of Native Plant Swertia chirayita (Roxb. ex Fleming) Karst from Rasuwa district of Nepal Subedi, Ishwar; Karki, Tika Bahadur
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Swertia chirayita is one of the highly traded medicinal plants of Nepal. This plant was chosen for investigation as folk medicines and then collected from the diverse habitats of Rasuwa district of Nepal and specimens have been checked and identified at National Herbarium and Plant Laboratories (NHPL), Godavari, Lalitpur. The identified plant was subjected to study physiochemical and biological activity. The stem, root and leaves of the plant were dried, made powder and mixed at the ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 and then extracted using methanol solvent by cold and warm method. The percentage yield from the plant was highest in warm methanol with 3.73%, followed by cold methanol with 2.28%. Plant extract showed the presence of phytochemicals like basic alka-loids, coumarin, glycosides, steroids, quinones, flavonoid and terpenoids. The antibacterial activity of the ex-tract showed significant bioactive by inhibiting the growth of selected pathogenic microbial species for the test. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) shown by the extracts was comparable to the standard antibiotics. Similar-ly, proximate composition was also carried out. The antioxidant activity of the sample was found to be 62.54% at 500 Âµg/mL and 15.32% at 100 Âµg/mL by radical scavenging method and showed significant antioxi-dants potential.Â

Î±-SMA Expression Increased Over Cell Passages and Decreased by Exogenous TGF-Î²1, In Vitro Studies on Myofibroblast Derived from Orbital Socket Contracture Shintiya Dewi, Debby; Chairinnisa, Elsa Safira; Sujuti, Hidayat; Lirawati, Diana; Hernowati, Tinny Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.02.15

Î±-smooth muscle actin (Î±-SMA), a marker of myofibroblast, induces cytoskeleton reorganization, increases contractility and stimulates cell migration in TGF-Î²1 induced stress fibers. The aims of the present study were to determine the level of Î±-SMA expression and morphological cell changes in different passages of myofi-broblasts with varied TGF-Î²1 concentrations. Myofibroblast cell cultures were derived from fibrotic tissues of fourth degree socket contracture. The Î±-SMA expression level was measured in myofibroblast cultures pas-sage I, II, and III with and without 10 ng/mL TGF-Î²1, and in passage III with 2.5; 5; 10; and 20 ng/mL TGF-Î²1. Results: The levels of Î±-SMA expression level in passage I to III were I 31.42 Â± 3.4; 40.34 Â± 8.14 and 56.37 Â± 7.57, respectively. Addition of 10 ng/mL TGF-Î²1 into passage I-III myofibroblast cultures resulted in Î±-SMA expression level of 31.24 Â± 2.93; 36.81 Â± 6.09; and 14.29 Â± 2.72, respectively. Myoblasts passage III showed the lowest Î±-SMA expression level following exposure to TGF-Î²1 10 ng/mL (22.37 Â± 12.86) and highest without TGF-Î²1 (48.34 Â± 13.36), however no morphological changes detected. Î±-SMA expression level increased with cell passages, decreases with addition of TGF-Î²1 while not affecting morphology of myofibroblast derived from the orbital socket contracture.

Analysis of Technical Efficiency of Small-Scale Rice Farmers in Indonesia Wardana, Fitri; Yamamoto, Naoyuki; Kano, Hideyuki
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.02.01

In this study, we analyzed the performance of small-scale rice farmers who used hand tractors in Jember Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected from 144 small-scale rice farmers in six districts through the use of a questionnaire in September 2015. The Data Envelopment AnalysisSlack-Based Model (DEA-SBM) was used to calculate the technical efficiency of small-scale rice farmers based on seven inputs and one output by determining Overall Technical Efficiency (OTE), Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE), and Scale Efficiency (SE). The results showed that out of 144 small-scale rice farmers, only nine farmers and 14 farmers were evaluated as strongly efficient and weakly efficient, respectively, while the rest were categorized as inefficient. The average values for OTE, PTE, and SE were 0.41, 0.63, and 0.61, respectively. The observed inefficiency was because of both poor input utilization (managerial inefficiency) and failure to operate at an optimal scale (scale inefficiency). Such analysis of technical efficiency can encourage small-scale rice farmers to enhance their performance and profitability.

The Plant Wisdom of Dayak Ot Danum, Central Kalimantan Herianto, Herianto; Kusuma, Zaenal; Nihayati, Ellis; Prayogo, Cahyo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

This research aims to describe plants diversity having local wisdom value for Ot-Danum Dayak people, Tumbang Payang village and Tumbang Kania village, Central Kalimantan. The result reveals that since a long time ago, Ot-Danum Dayak people truly depend on natural resources to meet various daily needs. The vast majority of subsistence and society's income are form forest plants product. Plant diversity can provide food product for society, can produce various plants to be consumed and also produce alternative income sources, such as exploited for food, medicine, fermentation, tonic, cosmetic, building material and etc. However, the existing plant diversity is endangered since deforestation and forest degradation, and even there are many lesser-known species. Therefore, it needs to quickly find the information about the species to conservation effort, given the existing forest resource has a big potential to be developed and cultured to the species through domestication and providing a genetic resource for hybridization and selection.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Nested PCR for Diagnosing Malaria: Cases in Several Areas of Indonesia Arifin, Samsul; Fitri, Loeki Enggar; Sujuti, Hidayat; Hermansyah, Bagus; Endharti, Agustina Tri; Burhan, Niniek; Candradikusuma, Didi; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Tuda, Josef Sem Berth; Zein, Umar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.02.11

Indonesia is still included in high endemic area of malaria infection. Early detection as well as appropriate and quick treatment is needed to be able to prevent and treat malaria in Indonesia. Laboratory examination using a microscopic method is still used as the gold standard to diagnose malaria cases. However, the morphology similarity of some Plasmodium species and the number of parasites that can be seen under microscopy causes malaria diagnosis become difficult if only relying on microscopy diagnostic method. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of nested PCR compared to microscopic examination in diagnosing malaria cases. A cross-sectional study has been carried out in some areas of Indonesia and the microscopic analysis as well as nest PCR was done in Laboratory of Parasitology and Laboratory of Central Biomedical Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang East Java Indonesia. A total of 149 blood samples from patients with clinical symptoms of malaria had been obtained from Sumatra, Sulawesi and East Java during December 2011 to December 2013. From 149 sample, 81.9% samples were diagnosed malaria positive by microscopy examination, whereas the PCR results showed that 90.6% of samples were positive. Nested PCR sensitivity is 97.5%, and microscopy 88.2%. Nested PCR specificity is 40.7%, whereas microscopy 78.5%. PPV and NPV for nested PCR are 88,2% and 78.5% respectively, and for microscopy are 97.5% and 40.7% respectively. Nested PCR has a higher sensitivity than microscopy in diagnosing malaria and is able to detect mixed infection better than microscopic examination. However, it is statistically less specific than microscopy examination.

Exploration of Flora Diversity and Recommending Species for Reclamation of Coal Mining with Biodiversity Concept in Besiq Bermai Forest, East Borneo Trimanto, Trimanto; Sofiah, Siti
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.02.02

This research was conducted to gather basic information to support recovery coal mining area with study of flora biodiversity. Plants inventory were conducted explorative in Besiq Bermai forest. Some observations were conducted on plants as integral part of the documentation process. The result showed that there are 203 numbers of plant. They consist of 51 families of flora collection to be conserved in Purwodadi Botanic Garden. There are 53 species of orchid that collected from this forest, including of rare species and endemic orchid. There are 70 numbers of 1000 specimen floras to be collected in Nursery of coal mining to be used in reclamation program. There are 20 species of flora that be conserved because it is threatened species that based on IUCN. Ten species can be chosen to become pioneer species in reclamation of coal mining area. Biodiversity concept can be used in reclamation of post mining area. Prospective conservation area that called Arboretum is provided for in-situ conservation program. Some practical considerations are suggested for fu-ture reclamation projects.

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